Skip to content
EMIWISE
All articles
Investing 4 min read

Equity vs debt: the simplest portfolio framework

How to think about asset allocation without getting lost in the weeds.

What each does for you

Equity (stocks, equity mutual funds) gives you growth - historically 10–13% over long horizons in India - but with bumpy years along the way.

Debt (FDs, debt funds, bonds, PPF) gives you stability - 6–8% returns with little drama. It's there to keep your portfolio steady when equity has a bad year.

A simple allocation rule

Subtract your age from 100. The result is roughly the % of your portfolio that should be in equity. So a 30-year-old: 70% equity, 30% debt. A 55-year-old: 45% equity, 55% debt.

It's a starting heuristic - adjust for risk tolerance, goals and how long until you'll need the money. The closer the goal, the more debt.

Rebalancing keeps it honest

Once a year, check the split. If equity has run up and is now 80% instead of 70%, sell some and move it to debt. Sounds counter-intuitive but it's how disciplined investors lock in gains.

Key takeaways
  • Use the '100 minus age' rule as your default split.
  • Goals under 3 years away - keep the money in debt, no exceptions.
  • Rebalance once a year, not on every market headline.

Frequently asked questions